The event aimed to bring together academics, policymakers, and industry leaders for a joint dialogue on the challenges of Europe’s energy transition.

The conference devoted significant attention to energy security and the geopolitical challenges shaping Europe’s strategic choices. Discussions also explored the Baltic Sea region’s potential for green transformation.

A key focus was on the resurgence of nuclear energy and the role of small modular reactor (SMR) technologies in achieving climate neutrality. Participants analyzed the intersections of climate policy and international trade, with particular emphasis on Poland and the global context.

Insights were also presented on ensuring a socially just transition to clean energy, drawing from transatlantic experiences. The decarbonization of heating systems in Central and Eastern Europe was highlighted as another critical topic.

Which direction is Europe’s energy security heading?

Discussions underscored that energy security is now inseparable from geopolitical realities, especially in light of Russia’s war against Ukraine. Participants agreed that Europe’s dependence on fossil fuel imports must be systematically reduced, with clear priority given to renewables, nuclear energy, and regional cooperation.

Experts noted that energy security today means not only ensuring supply, but also withstanding price volatility, managing risks, and maintaining technological flexibility.

Price volatility, climate goals, and geopolitical tensions – the new reality

One of the central themes of the conference was the delicate balance between three key factors: energy prices, climate policy, and the geopolitical environment. Recent years have shown that ambitious climate targets can be significantly impacted by supply crises, forcing governments to balance decarbonization efforts with consumer protection.

Speakers discussed how sharp fluctuations in electricity and gas prices influence investments, consumer behavior, and policy decisions. The conference stressed the need for smart regulatory frameworks that can respond to crises without losing sight of the long-term pathway to a climate-neutral economy.

The Baltic Sea region was singled out as a potential green technology hub, with promising opportunities for both wind and nuclear energy development.

SMRs were identified as a realistic alternative for expanding clean baseload capacity - although still an emerging technology, they are attracting increasing political and financial interest.

In discussions on decarbonizing the heating sector, it was noted that district heating remains a vast untapped opportunity, especially in Central and Eastern Europe.

The conference made it clear: Europe’s energy policy must be more dynamic, resilient, and better coordinated than ever before. Achieving climate neutrality cannot be postponed, but it must be pursued while ensuring both energy security and social fairness.

 ORLEN Lietuva inf.